%%% $Id: lhcb-symbols-def.tex 101691 2016-12-08 13:55:12Z pkoppenb $ %%% ====================================================================== %%% Purpose: Standard LHCb aliases %%% Author: Originally Ulrik Egede, adapted by Tomasz Skwarnicki for templates, %%% rewritten by Chris Parkes %%% Maintainer : Ulrik Egede (2010 - 2012) %%% Maintainer : Rolf Oldeman (2012 - 2014) %%% ======================================================================= %%% To use this file outside the normal LHCb document environment, the %%% following should be added in a preamble (before \begin{document} %%% %%%\usepackage{ifthen} %%%\newboolean{uprightparticles} %%%\setboolean{uprightparticles}{false} %Set true for upright particle symbols \usepackage{xspace} \usepackage{upgreek} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% %%% The following is to ensure that the template automatically can process %%% this file. %%% %%% Add comments with at least three %%% preceding. %%% Add new sections with one % preceding %%% Add new subsections with two %% preceding %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%% % Experiments %%%%%%%%%%%%% \def\lhcb {\mbox{LHCb}\xspace} \def\atlas {\mbox{ATLAS}\xspace} \def\cms {\mbox{CMS}\xspace} \def\alice {\mbox{ALICE}\xspace} \def\babar {\mbox{BaBar}\xspace} \def\belle {\mbox{Belle}\xspace} \def\cleo {\mbox{CLEO}\xspace} \def\cdf {\mbox{CDF}\xspace} \def\dzero {\mbox{D0}\xspace} \def\aleph {\mbox{ALEPH}\xspace} \def\delphi {\mbox{DELPHI}\xspace} \def\opal {\mbox{OPAL}\xspace} \def\lthree {\mbox{L3}\xspace} \def\sld {\mbox{SLD}\xspace} %%%\def\argus {\mbox{ARGUS}\xspace} %%%\def\uaone {\mbox{UA1}\xspace} %%%\def\uatwo {\mbox{UA2}\xspace} %%%\def\ux85 {\mbox{UX85}\xspace} \def\cern {\mbox{CERN}\xspace} \def\lhc {\mbox{LHC}\xspace} \def\lep {\mbox{LEP}\xspace} \def\tevatron {Tevatron\xspace} %% LHCb sub-detectors and sub-systems %%%\def\pu {PU\xspace} \def\velo {VELO\xspace} \def\rich {RICH\xspace} \def\richone {RICH1\xspace} \def\richtwo {RICH2\xspace} \def\ttracker {TT\xspace} \def\intr {IT\xspace} \def\st {ST\xspace} \def\ot {OT\xspace} \def\herschel {\mbox{\textsc{HeRSCheL}}\xspace} %%%\def\Tone {T1\xspace} %%%\def\Ttwo {T2\xspace} %%%\def\Tthree {T3\xspace} %%%\def\Mone {M1\xspace} %%%\def\Mtwo {M2\xspace} %%%\def\Mthree {M3\xspace} %%%\def\Mfour {M4\xspace} %%%\def\Mfive {M5\xspace} \def\spd {SPD\xspace} \def\presh {PS\xspace} \def\ecal {ECAL\xspace} \def\hcal {HCAL\xspace} %%%\def\bcm {BCM\xspace} \def\MagUp {\mbox{\em Mag\kern -0.05em Up}\xspace} \def\MagDown {\mbox{\em MagDown}\xspace} \def\ode {ODE\xspace} \def\daq {DAQ\xspace} \def\tfc {TFC\xspace} \def\ecs {ECS\xspace} \def\lone {L0\xspace} \def\hlt {HLT\xspace} \def\hltone {HLT1\xspace} \def\hlttwo {HLT2\xspace} %%% Upright (not slanted) Particles \ifthenelse{\boolean{uprightparticles}}% {\def\Palpha {\ensuremath{\upalpha}\xspace} \def\Pbeta {\ensuremath{\upbeta}\xspace} \def\Pgamma {\ensuremath{\upgamma}\xspace} \def\Pdelta {\ensuremath{\updelta}\xspace} \def\Pepsilon {\ensuremath{\upepsilon}\xspace} \def\Pvarepsilon {\ensuremath{\upvarepsilon}\xspace} \def\Pzeta {\ensuremath{\upzeta}\xspace} \def\Peta {\ensuremath{\upeta}\xspace} \def\Ptheta {\ensuremath{\uptheta}\xspace} \def\Pvartheta {\ensuremath{\upvartheta}\xspace} \def\Piota {\ensuremath{\upiota}\xspace} \def\Pkappa {\ensuremath{\upkappa}\xspace} \def\Plambda {\ensuremath{\uplambda}\xspace} \def\Pmu {\ensuremath{\upmu}\xspace} \def\Pnu {\ensuremath{\upnu}\xspace} \def\Pxi {\ensuremath{\upxi}\xspace} \def\Ppi {\ensuremath{\uppi}\xspace} \def\Pvarpi {\ensuremath{\upvarpi}\xspace} \def\Prho {\ensuremath{\uprho}\xspace} \def\Pvarrho {\ensuremath{\upvarrho}\xspace} \def\Ptau {\ensuremath{\uptau}\xspace} \def\Pupsilon {\ensuremath{\upupsilon}\xspace} \def\Pphi {\ensuremath{\upphi}\xspace} \def\Pvarphi {\ensuremath{\upvarphi}\xspace} \def\Pchi {\ensuremath{\upchi}\xspace} \def\Ppsi {\ensuremath{\uppsi}\xspace} \def\Pomega {\ensuremath{\upomega}\xspace} \def\PDelta {\ensuremath{\Delta}\xspace} \def\PXi {\ensuremath{\Xi}\xspace} \def\PLambda {\ensuremath{\Lambda}\xspace} \def\PSigma {\ensuremath{\Sigma}\xspace} \def\POmega {\ensuremath{\Omega}\xspace} \def\PUpsilon {\ensuremath{\Upsilon}\xspace} %\mathchardef\Deltares="7101 %\mathchardef\Xi="7104 %\mathchardef\Lambda="7103 %\mathchardef\Sigma="7106 %\mathchardef\Omega="710A \def\PA {\ensuremath{\mathrm{A}}\xspace} \def\PB {\ensuremath{\mathrm{B}}\xspace} \def\PC {\ensuremath{\mathrm{C}}\xspace} \def\PD {\ensuremath{\mathrm{D}}\xspace} \def\PE {\ensuremath{\mathrm{E}}\xspace} \def\PF {\ensuremath{\mathrm{F}}\xspace} \def\PG {\ensuremath{\mathrm{G}}\xspace} \def\PH {\ensuremath{\mathrm{H}}\xspace} \def\PI {\ensuremath{\mathrm{I}}\xspace} \def\PJ {\ensuremath{\mathrm{J}}\xspace} \def\PK {\ensuremath{\mathrm{K}}\xspace} \def\PL {\ensuremath{\mathrm{L}}\xspace} \def\PM {\ensuremath{\mathrm{M}}\xspace} \def\PN {\ensuremath{\mathrm{N}}\xspace} \def\PO {\ensuremath{\mathrm{O}}\xspace} \def\PP {\ensuremath{\mathrm{P}}\xspace} \def\PQ {\ensuremath{\mathrm{Q}}\xspace} \def\PR {\ensuremath{\mathrm{R}}\xspace} \def\PS {\ensuremath{\mathrm{S}}\xspace} \def\PT {\ensuremath{\mathrm{T}}\xspace} \def\PU {\ensuremath{\mathrm{U}}\xspace} \def\PV {\ensuremath{\mathrm{V}}\xspace} \def\PW {\ensuremath{\mathrm{W}}\xspace} \def\PX {\ensuremath{\mathrm{X}}\xspace} \def\PY {\ensuremath{\mathrm{Y}}\xspace} \def\PZ {\ensuremath{\mathrm{Z}}\xspace} \def\Pa {\ensuremath{\mathrm{a}}\xspace} \def\Pb {\ensuremath{\mathrm{b}}\xspace} \def\Pc {\ensuremath{\mathrm{c}}\xspace} \def\Pd {\ensuremath{\mathrm{d}}\xspace} \def\Pe {\ensuremath{\mathrm{e}}\xspace} \def\Pf {\ensuremath{\mathrm{f}}\xspace} \def\Pg {\ensuremath{\mathrm{g}}\xspace} \def\Ph {\ensuremath{\mathrm{h}}\xspace} \def\Pi {\ensuremath{\mathrm{i}}\xspace} \def\Pj {\ensuremath{\mathrm{j}}\xspace} \def\Pk {\ensuremath{\mathrm{k}}\xspace} \def\Pl {\ensuremath{\mathrm{l}}\xspace} \def\Pm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{m}}\xspace} \def\Pn {\ensuremath{\mathrm{n}}\xspace} \def\Po {\ensuremath{\mathrm{o}}\xspace} \def\Pp {\ensuremath{\mathrm{p}}\xspace} \def\Pq {\ensuremath{\mathrm{q}}\xspace} \def\Pr {\ensuremath{\mathrm{r}}\xspace} \def\Ps {\ensuremath{\mathrm{s}}\xspace} \def\Pt {\ensuremath{\mathrm{t}}\xspace} \def\Pu {\ensuremath{\mathrm{u}}\xspace} \def\Pv {\ensuremath{\mathrm{v}}\xspace} \def\Pw {\ensuremath{\mathrm{w}}\xspace} \def\Px {\ensuremath{\mathrm{x}}\xspace} \def\Py {\ensuremath{\mathrm{y}}\xspace} \def\Pz {\ensuremath{\mathrm{z}}\xspace} } {\def\Palpha {\ensuremath{\alpha}\xspace} \def\Pbeta {\ensuremath{\beta}\xspace} \def\Pgamma {\ensuremath{\gamma}\xspace} \def\Pdelta {\ensuremath{\delta}\xspace} \def\Pepsilon {\ensuremath{\epsilon}\xspace} \def\Pvarepsilon {\ensuremath{\varepsilon}\xspace} \def\Pzeta {\ensuremath{\zeta}\xspace} \def\Peta {\ensuremath{\eta}\xspace} \def\Ptheta {\ensuremath{\theta}\xspace} \def\Pvartheta {\ensuremath{\vartheta}\xspace} \def\Piota {\ensuremath{\iota}\xspace} \def\Pkappa {\ensuremath{\kappa}\xspace} \def\Plambda {\ensuremath{\lambda}\xspace} \def\Pmu {\ensuremath{\mu}\xspace} \def\Pnu {\ensuremath{\nu}\xspace} \def\Pxi {\ensuremath{\xi}\xspace} \def\Ppi {\ensuremath{\pi}\xspace} \def\Pvarpi {\ensuremath{\varpi}\xspace} \def\Prho {\ensuremath{\rho}\xspace} \def\Pvarrho {\ensuremath{\varrho}\xspace} \def\Ptau {\ensuremath{\tau}\xspace} \def\Pupsilon {\ensuremath{\upsilon}\xspace} \def\Pphi {\ensuremath{\phi}\xspace} \def\Pvarphi {\ensuremath{\varphi}\xspace} \def\Pchi {\ensuremath{\chi}\xspace} \def\Ppsi {\ensuremath{\psi}\xspace} \def\Pomega {\ensuremath{\omega}\xspace} \mathchardef\PDelta="7101 \mathchardef\PXi="7104 \mathchardef\PLambda="7103 \mathchardef\PSigma="7106 \mathchardef\POmega="710A \mathchardef\PUpsilon="7107 \def\PA {\ensuremath{A}\xspace} \def\PB {\ensuremath{B}\xspace} \def\PC {\ensuremath{C}\xspace} \def\PD {\ensuremath{D}\xspace} \def\PE {\ensuremath{E}\xspace} \def\PF {\ensuremath{F}\xspace} \def\PG {\ensuremath{G}\xspace} \def\PH {\ensuremath{H}\xspace} \def\PI {\ensuremath{I}\xspace} \def\PJ {\ensuremath{J}\xspace} \def\PK {\ensuremath{K}\xspace} \def\PL {\ensuremath{L}\xspace} \def\PM {\ensuremath{M}\xspace} \def\PN {\ensuremath{N}\xspace} \def\PO {\ensuremath{O}\xspace} \def\PP {\ensuremath{P}\xspace} \def\PQ {\ensuremath{Q}\xspace} \def\PR {\ensuremath{R}\xspace} \def\PS {\ensuremath{S}\xspace} \def\PT {\ensuremath{T}\xspace} \def\PU {\ensuremath{U}\xspace} \def\PV {\ensuremath{V}\xspace} \def\PW {\ensuremath{W}\xspace} \def\PX {\ensuremath{X}\xspace} \def\PY {\ensuremath{Y}\xspace} \def\PZ {\ensuremath{Z}\xspace} \def\Pa {\ensuremath{a}\xspace} \def\Pb {\ensuremath{b}\xspace} \def\Pc {\ensuremath{c}\xspace} \def\Pd {\ensuremath{d}\xspace} \def\Pe {\ensuremath{e}\xspace} \def\Pf {\ensuremath{f}\xspace} \def\Pg {\ensuremath{g}\xspace} \def\Ph {\ensuremath{h}\xspace} \def\Pi {\ensuremath{i}\xspace} \def\Pj {\ensuremath{j}\xspace} \def\Pk {\ensuremath{k}\xspace} \def\Pl {\ensuremath{l}\xspace} \def\Pm {\ensuremath{m}\xspace} \def\Pn {\ensuremath{n}\xspace} \def\Po {\ensuremath{o}\xspace} \def\Pp {\ensuremath{p}\xspace} \def\Pq {\ensuremath{q}\xspace} \def\Pr {\ensuremath{r}\xspace} \def\Ps {\ensuremath{s}\xspace} \def\Pt {\ensuremath{t}\xspace} \def\Pu {\ensuremath{u}\xspace} \def\Pv {\ensuremath{v}\xspace} \def\Pw {\ensuremath{w}\xspace} \def\Px {\ensuremath{x}\xspace} \def\Py {\ensuremath{y}\xspace} \def\Pz {\ensuremath{z}\xspace} } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Particles \makeatletter \ifcase \@ptsize \relax% 10pt \newcommand{\miniscule}{\@setfontsize\miniscule{4}{5}}% \tiny: 5/6 \or% 11pt \newcommand{\miniscule}{\@setfontsize\miniscule{5}{6}}% \tiny: 6/7 \or% 12pt \newcommand{\miniscule}{\@setfontsize\miniscule{5}{6}}% \tiny: 6/7 \fi \makeatother \DeclareRobustCommand{\optbar}[1]{\shortstack{{\miniscule (\rule[.5ex]{1.25em}{.18mm})} \\ [-.7ex] $#1$}} %% Leptons \let\emi\en \def\electron {{\ensuremath{\Pe}}\xspace} \def\en {{\ensuremath{\Pe^-}}\xspace} % electron negative (\em is taken) \def\ep {{\ensuremath{\Pe^+}}\xspace} \def\epm {{\ensuremath{\Pe^\pm}}\xspace} \def\epem {{\ensuremath{\Pe^+\Pe^-}}\xspace} %%%\def\ee {\ensuremath{\Pe^-\Pe^-}\xspace} \def\muon {{\ensuremath{\Pmu}}\xspace} \def\mup {{\ensuremath{\Pmu^+}}\xspace} \def\mun {{\ensuremath{\Pmu^-}}\xspace} % muon negative (\mum is taken) \def\mumu {{\ensuremath{\Pmu^+\Pmu^-}}\xspace} \def\tauon {{\ensuremath{\Ptau}}\xspace} \def\taup {{\ensuremath{\Ptau^+}}\xspace} \def\taum {{\ensuremath{\Ptau^-}}\xspace} \def\tautau {{\ensuremath{\Ptau^+\Ptau^-}}\xspace} \def\lepton {{\ensuremath{\ell}}\xspace} \def\ellm {{\ensuremath{\ell^-}}\xspace} \def\ellp {{\ensuremath{\ell^+}}\xspace} \def\ellell {\ensuremath{\ell^+ \ell^-}\xspace} \def\neu {{\ensuremath{\Pnu}}\xspace} \def\neub {{\ensuremath{\overline{\Pnu}}}\xspace} %%%\def\nuenueb {\ensuremath{\neu\neub}\xspace} \def\neue {{\ensuremath{\neu_e}}\xspace} \def\neueb {{\ensuremath{\neub_e}}\xspace} %%%\def\neueneueb {\ensuremath{\neue\neueb}\xspace} \def\neum {{\ensuremath{\neu_\mu}}\xspace} \def\neumb {{\ensuremath{\neub_\mu}}\xspace} %%%\def\neumneumb {\ensuremath{\neum\neumb}\xspace} \def\neut {{\ensuremath{\neu_\tau}}\xspace} \def\neutb {{\ensuremath{\neub_\tau}}\xspace} %%%\def\neutneutb {\ensuremath{\neut\neutb}\xspace} \def\neul {{\ensuremath{\neu_\ell}}\xspace} \def\neulb {{\ensuremath{\neub_\ell}}\xspace} %%%\def\neulneulb {\ensuremath{\neul\neulb}\xspace} %% Gauge bosons and scalars \def\g {{\ensuremath{\Pgamma}}\xspace} \def\H {{\ensuremath{\PH^0}}\xspace} \def\Hp {{\ensuremath{\PH^+}}\xspace} \def\Hm {{\ensuremath{\PH^-}}\xspace} \def\Hpm {{\ensuremath{\PH^\pm}}\xspace} \def\W {{\ensuremath{\PW}}\xspace} \def\Wp {{\ensuremath{\PW^+}}\xspace} \def\Wm {{\ensuremath{\PW^-}}\xspace} \def\Wpm {{\ensuremath{\PW^\pm}}\xspace} \def\Z {{\ensuremath{\PZ}}\xspace} %% Quarks \def\quark {{\ensuremath{\Pq}}\xspace} \def\quarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \quark}}\xspace} \def\qqbar {{\ensuremath{\quark\quarkbar}}\xspace} \def\uquark {{\ensuremath{\Pu}}\xspace} \def\uquarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \uquark}}\xspace} \def\uubar {{\ensuremath{\uquark\uquarkbar}}\xspace} \def\dquark {{\ensuremath{\Pd}}\xspace} \def\dquarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \dquark}}\xspace} \def\ddbar {{\ensuremath{\dquark\dquarkbar}}\xspace} \def\squark {{\ensuremath{\Ps}}\xspace} \def\squarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \squark}}\xspace} \def\ssbar {{\ensuremath{\squark\squarkbar}}\xspace} \def\cquark {{\ensuremath{\Pc}}\xspace} \def\cquarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \cquark}}\xspace} \def\ccbar {{\ensuremath{\cquark\cquarkbar}}\xspace} \def\bquark {{\ensuremath{\Pb}}\xspace} \def\bquarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \bquark}}\xspace} \def\bbbar {{\ensuremath{\bquark\bquarkbar}}\xspace} \def\tquark {{\ensuremath{\Pt}}\xspace} \def\tquarkbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \tquark}}\xspace} \def\ttbar {{\ensuremath{\tquark\tquarkbar}}\xspace} %% Light mesons \def\hadron {{\ensuremath{\Ph}}\xspace} \def\pion {{\ensuremath{\Ppi}}\xspace} \def\piz {{\ensuremath{\pion^0}}\xspace} \def\pizs {{\ensuremath{\pion^0\mbox\,\mathrm{s}}}\xspace} \def\pip {{\ensuremath{\pion^+}}\xspace} \def\pim {{\ensuremath{\pion^-}}\xspace} \def\pipm {{\ensuremath{\pion^\pm}}\xspace} \def\pimp {{\ensuremath{\pion^\mp}}\xspace} \def\rhomeson {{\ensuremath{\Prho}}\xspace} \def\rhoz {{\ensuremath{\rhomeson^0}}\xspace} \def\rhop {{\ensuremath{\rhomeson^+}}\xspace} \def\rhom {{\ensuremath{\rhomeson^-}}\xspace} \def\rhopm {{\ensuremath{\rhomeson^\pm}}\xspace} \def\rhomp {{\ensuremath{\rhomeson^\mp}}\xspace} \def\kaon {{\ensuremath{\PK}}\xspace} %%% do NOT use ensuremath here \def\Kbar {{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \PK}{}}\xspace} \def\Kb {{\ensuremath{\Kbar}}\xspace} \def\KorKbar {\kern 0.18em\optbar{\kern -0.18em K}{}\xspace} \def\Kz {{\ensuremath{\kaon^0}}\xspace} \def\Kzb {{\ensuremath{\Kbar{}^0}}\xspace} \def\Kp {{\ensuremath{\kaon^+}}\xspace} \def\Km {{\ensuremath{\kaon^-}}\xspace} \def\Kpm {{\ensuremath{\kaon^\pm}}\xspace} \def\Kmp {{\ensuremath{\kaon^\mp}}\xspace} \def\KS {{\ensuremath{\kaon^0_{\mathrm{ \scriptscriptstyle S}}}}\xspace} \def\KL {{\ensuremath{\kaon^0_{\mathrm{ \scriptscriptstyle L}}}}\xspace} \def\Kstarz {{\ensuremath{\kaon^{*0}}}\xspace} \def\Kstarzb {{\ensuremath{\Kbar{}^{*0}}}\xspace} \def\Kstar {{\ensuremath{\kaon^*}}\xspace} \def\Kstarb {{\ensuremath{\Kbar{}^*}}\xspace} \def\Kstarp {{\ensuremath{\kaon^{*+}}}\xspace} \def\Kstarm {{\ensuremath{\kaon^{*-}}}\xspace} \def\Kstarpm {{\ensuremath{\kaon^{*\pm}}}\xspace} \def\Kstarmp {{\ensuremath{\kaon^{*\mp}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etaz}{\ensuremath{\Peta}\xspace} \newcommand{\etapr}{\ensuremath{\Peta^{\prime}}\xspace} \newcommand{\phiz}{\ensuremath{\Pphi}\xspace} \newcommand{\omegaz}{\ensuremath{\Pomega}\xspace} %% Heavy mesons %%% do NOT use ensuremath here \def\Dbar {{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \PD}{}}\xspace} \def\D {{\ensuremath{\PD}}\xspace} \def\Db {{\ensuremath{\Dbar}}\xspace} \def\DorDbar {\kern 0.18em\optbar{\kern -0.18em D}{}\xspace} \def\Dz {{\ensuremath{\D^0}}\xspace} \def\Dzb {{\ensuremath{\Dbar{}^0}}\xspace} \def\Dp {{\ensuremath{\D^+}}\xspace} \def\Dm {{\ensuremath{\D^-}}\xspace} \def\Dpm {{\ensuremath{\D^\pm}}\xspace} \def\Dmp {{\ensuremath{\D^\mp}}\xspace} \def\Dstar {{\ensuremath{\D^*}}\xspace} \def\Dstarb {{\ensuremath{\Dbar{}^*}}\xspace} \def\Dstarz {{\ensuremath{\D^{*0}}}\xspace} \def\Dstarzb {{\ensuremath{\Dbar{}^{*0}}}\xspace} \def\Dstarp {{\ensuremath{\D^{*+}}}\xspace} \def\Dstarm {{\ensuremath{\D^{*-}}}\xspace} \def\Dstarpm {{\ensuremath{\D^{*\pm}}}\xspace} \def\Dstarmp {{\ensuremath{\D^{*\mp}}}\xspace} \def\Ds {{\ensuremath{\D^+_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dsp {{\ensuremath{\D^+_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dsm {{\ensuremath{\D^-_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dspm {{\ensuremath{\D^{\pm}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dsmp {{\ensuremath{\D^{\mp}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dss {{\ensuremath{\D^{*+}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dssp {{\ensuremath{\D^{*+}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dssm {{\ensuremath{\D^{*-}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dsspm {{\ensuremath{\D^{*\pm}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Dssmp {{\ensuremath{\D^{*\mp}_\squark}}\xspace} \def\B {{\ensuremath{\PB}}\xspace} %%% do NOT use ensuremath here \def\Bbar {{\ensuremath{\kern 0.18em\overline{\kern -0.18em \PB}{}}}\xspace} \def\Bb {{\ensuremath{\Bbar}}\xspace} \def\BorBbar {\kern 0.18em\optbar{\kern -0.18em B}{}\xspace} \def\Bz {{\ensuremath{\B^0}}\xspace} \def\Bzb {{\ensuremath{\Bbar{}^0}}\xspace} \def\Bu {{\ensuremath{\B^+}}\xspace} \def\Bub {{\ensuremath{\B^-}}\xspace} \def\Bp {{\ensuremath{\Bu}}\xspace} \def\Bm {{\ensuremath{\Bub}}\xspace} \def\Bpm {{\ensuremath{\B^\pm}}\xspace} \def\Bmp {{\ensuremath{\B^\mp}}\xspace} \def\Bd {{\ensuremath{\B^0}}\xspace} \def\Bs {{\ensuremath{\B^0_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Bsb {{\ensuremath{\Bbar{}^0_\squark}}\xspace} \def\Bdb {{\ensuremath{\Bbar{}^0}}\xspace} \def\Bc {{\ensuremath{\B_\cquark^+}}\xspace} \def\Bcp {{\ensuremath{\B_\cquark^+}}\xspace} \def\Bcm {{\ensuremath{\B_\cquark^-}}\xspace} \def\Bcpm {{\ensuremath{\B_\cquark^\pm}}\xspace} %% Onia \def\jpsi {{\ensuremath{{\PJ\mskip -3mu/\mskip -2mu\Ppsi\mskip 2mu}}}\xspace} \def\psitwos {{\ensuremath{\Ppsi{(2S)}}}\xspace} \def\psiprpr {{\ensuremath{\Ppsi(3770)}}\xspace} \def\etac {{\ensuremath{\Peta_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\chiczero {{\ensuremath{\Pchi_{\cquark 0}}}\xspace} \def\chicone {{\ensuremath{\Pchi_{\cquark 1}}}\xspace} \def\chictwo {{\ensuremath{\Pchi_{\cquark 2}}}\xspace} %\mathchardef\Upsilon="7107 \def\Y#1S{\ensuremath{\PUpsilon{(#1S)}}\xspace}% no space before {...}! \def\OneS {{\Y1S}} \def\TwoS {{\Y2S}} \def\ThreeS{{\Y3S}} \def\FourS {{\Y4S}} \def\FiveS {{\Y5S}} \def\chic {{\ensuremath{\Pchi_{c}}}\xspace} %% Baryons \def\proton {{\ensuremath{\Pp}}\xspace} \def\antiproton {{\ensuremath{\overline \proton}}\xspace} \def\neutron {{\ensuremath{\Pn}}\xspace} \def\antineutron {{\ensuremath{\overline \neutron}}\xspace} \def\Deltares {{\ensuremath{\PDelta}}\xspace} \def\Deltaresbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \Deltares}}\xspace} \def\Xires {{\ensuremath{\PXi}}\xspace} \def\Xiresbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \Xires}}\xspace} \def\Lz {{\ensuremath{\PLambda}}\xspace} \def\Lbar {{\ensuremath{\kern 0.1em\overline{\kern -0.1em\PLambda}}}\xspace} \def\LorLbar {\kern 0.18em\optbar{\kern -0.18em \PLambda}{}\xspace} \def\Lambdares {{\ensuremath{\PLambda}}\xspace} \def\Lambdaresbar{{\ensuremath{\Lbar}}\xspace} \def\Sigmares {{\ensuremath{\PSigma}}\xspace} \def\Sigmaresbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \Sigmares}}\xspace} \def\Omegares {{\ensuremath{\POmega}}\xspace} \def\Omegaresbar {{\ensuremath{\overline \POmega}}\xspace} %%% do NOT use ensuremath here % \def\Deltabar{\kern 0.25em\overline{\kern -0.25em \Deltares}{}\xspace} % \def\Sigbar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Sigma}{}\xspace} % \def\Xibar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Xi}{}\xspace} % \def\Obar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em \Omega}{}\xspace} % \def\Nbar{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em N}{}\xspace} % \def\Xb{\kern 0.2em\overline{\kern -0.2em X}{}\xspace} \def\Lb {{\ensuremath{\Lz^0_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Lbbar {{\ensuremath{\Lbar{}^0_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Lc {{\ensuremath{\Lz^+_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Lcbar {{\ensuremath{\Lbar{}^-_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Xib {{\ensuremath{\Xires_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Xibz {{\ensuremath{\Xires^0_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Xibm {{\ensuremath{\Xires^-_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Xibbar {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Xibbarz {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\bquark^0}}\xspace} \def\Xibbarp {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\bquark^+}}\xspace} \def\Xic {{\ensuremath{\Xires_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Xicz {{\ensuremath{\Xires^0_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Xicp {{\ensuremath{\Xires^+_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Xicbar {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Xicbarz {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\cquark^0}}\xspace} \def\Xicbarm {{\ensuremath{\Xiresbar{}_\cquark^-}}\xspace} \def\Omegac {{\ensuremath{\Omegares^0_\cquark}}\xspace} \def\Omegacbar {{\ensuremath{\Omegaresbar{}_\cquark^0}}\xspace} \def\Omegab {{\ensuremath{\Omegares^-_\bquark}}\xspace} \def\Omegabbar {{\ensuremath{\Omegaresbar{}_\bquark^+}}\xspace} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Physics symbols %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Decays \def\BF {{\ensuremath{\mathcal{B}}}\xspace} \def\BRvis {{\ensuremath{\BR_{\mathrm{{vis}}}}}} \def\BR {\BF} \newcommand{\decay}[2]{\ensuremath{#1\!\to #2}\xspace} % {\Pa}{\Pb \Pc} \def\ra {\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\xspace} \def\to {\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\xspace} %% Lifetimes \newcommand{\tauBs}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Bs}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauBd}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Bd}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauBz}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Bz}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauBu}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Bp}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauDp}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Dp}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauDz}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\Dz}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauL}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\mathrm{ L}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\tauH}{{\ensuremath{\tau_{\mathrm{ H}}}}\xspace} %% Masses \newcommand{\mBd}{{\ensuremath{m_{\Bd}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mBp}{{\ensuremath{m_{\Bp}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mBs}{{\ensuremath{m_{\Bs}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mBc}{{\ensuremath{m_{\Bc}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mLb}{{\ensuremath{m_{\Lb}}}\xspace} %% EW theory, groups \def\grpsuthree {{\ensuremath{\mathrm{SU}(3)}}\xspace} \def\grpsutw {{\ensuremath{\mathrm{SU}(2)}}\xspace} \def\grpuone {{\ensuremath{\mathrm{U}(1)}}\xspace} \def\ssqtw {{\ensuremath{\sin^{2}\!\theta_{\mathrm{W}}}}\xspace} \def\csqtw {{\ensuremath{\cos^{2}\!\theta_{\mathrm{W}}}}\xspace} \def\stw {{\ensuremath{\sin\theta_{\mathrm{W}}}}\xspace} \def\ctw {{\ensuremath{\cos\theta_{\mathrm{W}}}}\xspace} \def\ssqtwef {{\ensuremath{{\sin}^{2}\theta_{\mathrm{W}}^{\mathrm{eff}}}}\xspace} \def\csqtwef {{\ensuremath{{\cos}^{2}\theta_{\mathrm{W}}^{\mathrm{eff}}}}\xspace} \def\stwef {{\ensuremath{\sin\theta_{\mathrm{W}}^{\mathrm{eff}}}}\xspace} \def\ctwef {{\ensuremath{\cos\theta_{\mathrm{W}}^{\mathrm{eff}}}}\xspace} \def\gv {{\ensuremath{g_{\mbox{\tiny V}}}}\xspace} \def\ga {{\ensuremath{g_{\mbox{\tiny A}}}}\xspace} \def\order {{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}}}\xspace} \def\ordalph {{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}(\alpha)}}\xspace} \def\ordalsq {{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}(\alpha^{2})}}\xspace} \def\ordalcb {{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}(\alpha^{3})}}\xspace} %% QCD parameters \newcommand{\as}{{\ensuremath{\alpha_s}}\xspace} \newcommand{\MSb}{{\ensuremath{\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\lqcd}{{\ensuremath{\Lambda_{\mathrm{QCD}}}}\xspace} \def\qsq {{\ensuremath{q^2}}\xspace} %% CKM, CP violation \def\eps {{\ensuremath{\varepsilon}}\xspace} \def\epsK {{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_K}}\xspace} \def\epsB {{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_B}}\xspace} \def\epsp {{\ensuremath{\varepsilon^\prime_K}}\xspace} \def\CP {{\ensuremath{C\!P}}\xspace} \def\CPT {{\ensuremath{C\!PT}}\xspace} \def\rhobar {{\ensuremath{\overline \rho}}\xspace} \def\etabar {{\ensuremath{\overline \eta}}\xspace} \def\Vud {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\dquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vcd {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\dquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vtd {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\dquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vus {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\squark}}}\xspace} \def\Vcs {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\squark}}}\xspace} \def\Vts {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\squark}}}\xspace} \def\Vub {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\bquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vcb {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\bquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vtb {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\bquark}}}\xspace} \def\Vuds {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\dquark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vcds {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\dquark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vtds {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\dquark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vuss {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\squark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vcss {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\squark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vtss {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\squark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vubs {{\ensuremath{V_{\uquark\bquark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vcbs {{\ensuremath{V_{\cquark\bquark}^\ast}}\xspace} \def\Vtbs {{\ensuremath{V_{\tquark\bquark}^\ast}}\xspace} %% Oscillations \newcommand{\dm}{{\ensuremath{\Delta m}}\xspace} \newcommand{\dms}{{\ensuremath{\Delta m_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\dmd}{{\ensuremath{\Delta m_{\dquark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\DG}{{\ensuremath{\Delta\Gamma}}\xspace} \newcommand{\DGs}{{\ensuremath{\Delta\Gamma_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\DGd}{{\ensuremath{\Delta\Gamma_{\dquark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Gs}{{\ensuremath{\Gamma_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Gd}{{\ensuremath{\Gamma_{\dquark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\MBq}{{\ensuremath{M_{\B_\quark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\DGq}{{\ensuremath{\Delta\Gamma_{\quark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Gq}{{\ensuremath{\Gamma_{\quark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\dmq}{{\ensuremath{\Delta m_{\quark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\GL}{{\ensuremath{\Gamma_{\mathrm{ L}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\GH}{{\ensuremath{\Gamma_{\mathrm{ H}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\DGsGs}{{\ensuremath{\Delta\Gamma_{\squark}/\Gamma_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Delm}{{\mbox{$\Delta m $}}\xspace} \newcommand{\ACP}{{\ensuremath{{\mathcal{A}}^{\CP}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Adir}{{\ensuremath{{\mathcal{A}}^{\mathrm{ dir}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\Amix}{{\ensuremath{{\mathcal{A}}^{\mathrm{ mix}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\ADelta}{{\ensuremath{{\mathcal{A}}^\Delta}}\xspace} \newcommand{\phid}{{\ensuremath{\phi_{\dquark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\sinphid}{{\ensuremath{\sin\!\phid}}\xspace} \newcommand{\phis}{{\ensuremath{\phi_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\betas}{{\ensuremath{\beta_{\squark}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\sbetas}{{\ensuremath{\sigma(\beta_{\squark})}}\xspace} \newcommand{\stbetas}{{\ensuremath{\sigma(2\beta_{\squark})}}\xspace} \newcommand{\stphis}{{\ensuremath{\sigma(\phi_{\squark})}}\xspace} \newcommand{\sinphis}{{\ensuremath{\sin\!\phis}}\xspace} %% Tagging \newcommand{\edet}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ det}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\erec}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ rec/det}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\esel}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ sel/rec}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etrg}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ trg/sel}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etot}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ tot}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mistag}{\ensuremath{\omega}\xspace} \newcommand{\wcomb}{\ensuremath{\omega^{\mathrm{comb}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etag}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{tag}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etagcomb}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{tag}}^{\mathrm{comb}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\effeff}{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{eff}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\effeffcomb}{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{comb}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\efftag}{{\ensuremath{\etag(1-2\omega)^2}}\xspace} \newcommand{\effD}{{\ensuremath{\etag D^2}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etagprompt}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ tag}}^{\mathrm{Pr}}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\etagLL}{{\ensuremath{\varepsilon_{\mathrm{ tag}}^{\mathrm{LL}}}}\xspace} %% Key decay channels \def\BdToKstmm {\decay{\Bd}{\Kstarz\mup\mun}} \def\BdbToKstmm {\decay{\Bdb}{\Kstarzb\mup\mun}} \def\BsToJPsiPhi {\decay{\Bs}{\jpsi\phi}} \def\BdToJPsiKst {\decay{\Bd}{\jpsi\Kstarz}} \def\BdbToJPsiKst {\decay{\Bdb}{\jpsi\Kstarzb}} \def\BsPhiGam {\decay{\Bs}{\phi \g}} \def\BdKstGam {\decay{\Bd}{\Kstarz \g}} \def\BTohh {\decay{\B}{\Ph^+ \Ph'^-}} \def\BdTopipi {\decay{\Bd}{\pip\pim}} \def\BdToKpi {\decay{\Bd}{\Kp\pim}} \def\BsToKK {\decay{\Bs}{\Kp\Km}} \def\BsTopiK {\decay{\Bs}{\pip\Km}} %% Rare decays \def\BdKstee {\decay{\Bd}{\Kstarz\epem}} \def\BdbKstee {\decay{\Bdb}{\Kstarzb\epem}} \def\bsll {\decay{\bquark}{\squark \ell^+ \ell^-}} \def\AFB {\ensuremath{A_{\mathrm{FB}}}\xspace} \def\FL {\ensuremath{F_{\mathrm{L}}}\xspace} \def\AT#1 {\ensuremath{A_{\mathrm{T}}^{#1}}\xspace} % 2 \def\btosgam {\decay{\bquark}{\squark \g}} \def\btodgam {\decay{\bquark}{\dquark \g}} \def\Bsmm {\decay{\Bs}{\mup\mun}} \def\Bdmm {\decay{\Bd}{\mup\mun}} \def\ctl {\ensuremath{\cos{\theta_\ell}}\xspace} \def\ctk {\ensuremath{\cos{\theta_K}}\xspace} %% Wilson coefficients and operators \def\C#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{C}_{#1}}\xspace} % 9 \def\Cp#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{C}_{#1}^{'}}\xspace} % 7 \def\Ceff#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{C}_{#1}^{\mathrm{(eff)}}}\xspace} % 9 \def\Cpeff#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{C}_{#1}^{'\mathrm{(eff)}}}\xspace} % 7 \def\Ope#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}_{#1}}\xspace} % 2 \def\Opep#1 {\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}_{#1}^{'}}\xspace} % 7 %% Charm \def\xprime {\ensuremath{x^{\prime}}\xspace} \def\yprime {\ensuremath{y^{\prime}}\xspace} \def\ycp {\ensuremath{y_{\CP}}\xspace} \def\agamma {\ensuremath{A_{\Gamma}}\xspace} %%%\def\kpi {\ensuremath{\PK\Ppi}\xspace} %%%\def\kk {\ensuremath{\PK\PK}\xspace} %%%\def\dkpi {\decay{\PD}{\PK\Ppi}} %%%\def\dkk {\decay{\PD}{\PK\PK}} \def\dkpicf {\decay{\Dz}{\Km\pip}} %% QM \newcommand{\bra}[1]{\ensuremath{\langle #1|}} % {a} \newcommand{\ket}[1]{\ensuremath{|#1\rangle}} % {b} \newcommand{\braket}[2]{\ensuremath{\langle #1|#2\rangle}} % {a}{b} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Units %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \newcommand{\unit}[1]{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,#1}}\xspace} % {kg} %% Energy and momentum \newcommand{\tev}{\ifthenelse{\boolean{inbibliography}}{\ensuremath{~T\kern -0.05em eV}}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\gev}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mev}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V}}\xspace} \newcommand{\kev}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,ke\kern -0.1em V}}\xspace} \newcommand{\ev}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,e\kern -0.1em V}}\xspace} \newcommand{\gevc}{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V\!/}c}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mevc}{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V\!/}c}}\xspace} \newcommand{\gevcc}{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V\!/}c^2}}\xspace} \newcommand{\gevgevcccc}{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{\,Ge\kern -0.1em V^2\!/}c^4}}\xspace} \newcommand{\mevcc}{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{\,Me\kern -0.1em V\!/}c^2}}\xspace} %% Distance and area \def\km {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,km}}\xspace} \def\m {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,m}}\xspace} \def\ma {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,m}}^2}\xspace} \def\cm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,cm}}\xspace} \def\cma {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,cm}}^2}\xspace} \def\mm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,mm}}\xspace} \def\mma {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,mm}}^2}\xspace} \def\mum {\ensuremath{{\,\upmu\mathrm{m}}}\xspace} \def\muma {\ensuremath{{\,\upmu\mathrm{m}^2}}\xspace} \def\nm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,nm}}\xspace} \def\fm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,fm}}\xspace} \def\barn{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,b}}\xspace} %%%\def\barnhyph{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ -b}}\xspace} \def\mbarn{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,mb}}\xspace} \def\mub{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,\upmu b}}}\xspace} %%%\def\mbarnhyph{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ -mb}}\xspace} \def\nb {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,nb}}\xspace} \def\invnb {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,nb}^{-1}}\xspace} \def\pb {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,pb}}\xspace} \def\invpb {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,pb}^{-1}}\xspace} \def\fb {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,fb}}\xspace} \def\invfb {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,fb}^{-1}}\xspace} \def\ab {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,ab}}\xspace} \def\invab {\ensuremath{\mbox{\,ab}^{-1}}\xspace} %% Time \def\sec {\ensuremath{\mathrm{{\,s}}}\xspace} \def\ms {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,ms}}}\xspace} \def\mus {\ensuremath{{\,\upmu{\mathrm{ s}}}}\xspace} \def\ns {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,ns}}}\xspace} \def\ps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,ps}}}\xspace} \def\fs {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,fs}}\xspace} \def\mhz {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,MHz}}}\xspace} \def\khz {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,kHz}}}\xspace} \def\hz {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Hz}}}\xspace} \def\invps{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,ps^{-1}}}}\xspace} \def\invns{\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,ns^{-1}}}}\xspace} \def\yr {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,yr}}\xspace} \def\hr {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,hr}}\xspace} %% Temperature \def\degc {\ensuremath{^\circ}{C}\xspace} \def\degk {\ensuremath {\mathrm{ K}}\xspace} %% Material lengths, radiation \def\Xrad {\ensuremath{X_0}\xspace} \def\NIL{\ensuremath{\lambda_{int}}\xspace} \def\mip {MIP\xspace} \def\neutroneq {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,n_{eq}}}\xspace} \def\neqcmcm {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,n_{eq} / cm^2}}\xspace} \def\kRad {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,kRad}}\xspace} \def\MRad {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,MRad}}\xspace} \def\ci {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,Ci}}\xspace} \def\mci {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,mCi}}\xspace} %% Uncertainties \def\sx {\ensuremath{\sigma_x}\xspace} \def\sy {\ensuremath{\sigma_y}\xspace} \def\sz {\ensuremath{\sigma_z}\xspace} \newcommand{\stat}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,(stat)}}\xspace} \newcommand{\syst}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{\,(syst)}}\xspace} %% Maths \def\order{{\ensuremath{\mathcal{O}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisq}{\ensuremath{\chi^2}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisqndf}{\ensuremath{\chi^2/\mathrm{ndf}}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisqip}{\ensuremath{\chi^2_{\text{IP}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisqvs}{\ensuremath{\chi^2_{\text{VS}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisqvtx}{\ensuremath{\chi^2_{\text{vtx}}}\xspace} \newcommand{\chisqvtxndf}{\ensuremath{\chi^2_{\text{vtx}}/\mathrm{ndf}}\xspace} \def\deriv {\ensuremath{\mathrm{d}}} \def\gsim{{~\raise.15em\hbox{$>$}\kern-.85em \lower.35em\hbox{$\sim$}~}\xspace} \def\lsim{{~\raise.15em\hbox{$<$}\kern-.85em \lower.35em\hbox{$\sim$}~}\xspace} \newcommand{\mean}[1]{\ensuremath{\left\langle #1 \right\rangle}} % {x} \newcommand{\abs}[1]{\ensuremath{\left\|#1\right\|}} % {x} \newcommand{\Real}{\ensuremath{\mathcal{R}e}\xspace} \newcommand{\Imag}{\ensuremath{\mathcal{I}m}\xspace} \def\PDF {PDF\xspace} \def\sPlot{\mbox{\em sPlot}\xspace} %%%\def\sWeight{\mbox{\em sWeight}\xspace} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Kinematics %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Energy, Momenta \def\Ebeam {\ensuremath{E_{\mbox{\tiny BEAM}}}\xspace} \def\sqs {\ensuremath{\protect\sqrt{s}}\xspace} \def\ptot {\mbox{$p$}\xspace} \def\pt {\mbox{$p_{\mathrm{ T}}$}\xspace} \def\et {\mbox{$E_{\mathrm{ T}}$}\xspace} \def\mt {\mbox{$M_{\mathrm{ T}}$}\xspace} \def\dpp {\ensuremath{\Delta p/p}\xspace} \def\msq {\ensuremath{m^2}\xspace} \newcommand{\dedx}{\ensuremath{\mathrm{d}\hspace{-0.1em}E/\mathrm{d}x}\xspace} %% PID \def\dllkpi {\ensuremath{\mathrm{DLL}_{\kaon\pion}}\xspace} \def\dllppi {\ensuremath{\mathrm{DLL}_{\proton\pion}}\xspace} \def\dllepi {\ensuremath{\mathrm{DLL}_{\electron\pion}}\xspace} \def\dllmupi {\ensuremath{\mathrm{DLL}_{\muon\pi}}\xspace} %% Geometry %%%\def\mphi {\mbox{$\phi$}\xspace} %%%\def\mtheta {\mbox{$\theta$}\xspace} %%%\def\ctheta {\mbox{$\cos\theta$}\xspace} %%%\def\stheta {\mbox{$\sin\theta$}\xspace} %%%\def\ttheta {\mbox{$\tan\theta$}\xspace} \def\degrees{\ensuremath{^{\circ}}\xspace} \def\krad {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,krad}}\xspace} \def\mrad{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,mrad}}\xspace} \def\rad{\ensuremath{\mathrm{ \,rad}}\xspace} %% Accelerator \def\betastar {\ensuremath{\beta^*}} \newcommand{\lum} {\ensuremath{\mathcal{L}}\xspace} \newcommand{\intlum}[1]{\ensuremath{\int\lum=#1}\xspace} % {2 \,\invfb} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Software %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Programs %%%\def\ansys {\mbox{\textsc{Ansys}}\xspace} \def\bcvegpy {\mbox{\textsc{Bcvegpy}}\xspace} \def\boole {\mbox{\textsc{Boole}}\xspace} \def\brunel {\mbox{\textsc{Brunel}}\xspace} \def\davinci {\mbox{\textsc{DaVinci}}\xspace} \def\dirac {\mbox{\textsc{Dirac}}\xspace} %%%\def\erasmus {\mbox{\textsc{Erasmus}}\xspace} \def\evtgen {\mbox{\textsc{EvtGen}}\xspace} \def\fewz {\mbox{\textsc{Fewz}}\xspace} \def\fluka {\mbox{\textsc{Fluka}}\xspace} \def\ganga {\mbox{\textsc{Ganga}}\xspace} %%%\def\garfield {\mbox{\textsc{Garfield}}\xspace} \def\gaudi {\mbox{\textsc{Gaudi}}\xspace} \def\gauss {\mbox{\textsc{Gauss}}\xspace} \def\geant {\mbox{\textsc{Geant4}}\xspace} \def\hepmc {\mbox{\textsc{HepMC}}\xspace} \def\herwig {\mbox{\textsc{Herwig}}\xspace} \def\moore {\mbox{\textsc{Moore}}\xspace} \def\neurobayes {\mbox{\textsc{NeuroBayes}}\xspace} \def\photos {\mbox{\textsc{Photos}}\xspace} \def\powheg {\mbox{\textsc{Powheg}}\xspace} %%%\def\pyroot {\mbox{\textsc{PyRoot}}\xspace} \def\pythia {\mbox{\textsc{Pythia}}\xspace} \def\resbos {\mbox{\textsc{ResBos}}\xspace} \def\roofit {\mbox{\textsc{RooFit}}\xspace} \def\root {\mbox{\textsc{Root}}\xspace} \def\spice {\mbox{\textsc{Spice}}\xspace} %%%\def\tosca {\mbox{\textsc{Tosca}}\xspace} \def\urania {\mbox{\textsc{Urania}}\xspace} %% Languages \def\cpp {\mbox{\textsc{C\raisebox{0.1em}{{\footnotesize{++}}}}}\xspace} %%%\def\python {\mbox{\textsc{Python}}\xspace} \def\ruby {\mbox{\textsc{Ruby}}\xspace} \def\fortran {\mbox{\textsc{Fortran}}\xspace} \def\svn {\mbox{\textsc{SVN}}\xspace} %% Data processing \def\kbytes {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,kbytes}}}\xspace} \def\kbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,kbytes/s}}}\xspace} \def\kbits {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,kbits}}}\xspace} \def\kbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,kbits/s}}}\xspace} \def\mbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Mbits/s}}}\xspace} \def\mbytes {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Mbytes}}}\xspace} \def\mbps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Mbyte/s}}}\xspace} \def\mbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Mbytes/s}}}\xspace} \def\gbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Gbits/s}}}\xspace} \def\gbytes {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Gbytes}}}\xspace} \def\gbsps {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Gbytes/s}}}\xspace} \def\tbytes {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Tbytes}}}\xspace} \def\tbpy {\ensuremath{{\mathrm{ \,Tbytes/yr}}}\xspace} \def\dst {DST\xspace} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Detector related %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Detector technologies \def\nonn {\ensuremath{\mathrm{{ \mathit{n^+}} \mbox{-} on\mbox{-}{ \mathit{n}}}}\xspace} \def\ponn {\ensuremath{\mathrm{{ \mathit{p^+}} \mbox{-} on\mbox{-}{ \mathit{n}}}}\xspace} \def\nonp {\ensuremath{\mathrm{{ \mathit{n^+}} \mbox{-} on\mbox{-}{ \mathit{p}}}}\xspace} \def\cvd {CVD\xspace} \def\mwpc {MWPC\xspace} \def\gem {GEM\xspace} %% Detector components, electronics \def\tell1 {TELL1\xspace} \def\ukl1 {UKL1\xspace} \def\beetle {Beetle\xspace} \def\otis {OTIS\xspace} \def\croc {CROC\xspace} \def\carioca {CARIOCA\xspace} \def\dialog {DIALOG\xspace} \def\sync {SYNC\xspace} \def\cardiac {CARDIAC\xspace} \def\gol {GOL\xspace} \def\vcsel {VCSEL\xspace} \def\ttc {TTC\xspace} \def\ttcrx {TTCrx\xspace} \def\hpd {HPD\xspace} \def\pmt {PMT\xspace} \def\specs {SPECS\xspace} \def\elmb {ELMB\xspace} \def\fpga {FPGA\xspace} \def\plc {PLC\xspace} \def\rasnik {RASNIK\xspace} \def\elmb {ELMB\xspace} \def\can {CAN\xspace} \def\lvds {LVDS\xspace} \def\ntc {NTC\xspace} \def\adc {ADC\xspace} \def\led {LED\xspace} \def\ccd {CCD\xspace} \def\hv {HV\xspace} \def\lv {LV\xspace} \def\pvss {PVSS\xspace} \def\cmos {CMOS\xspace} \def\fifo {FIFO\xspace} \def\ccpc {CCPC\xspace} %% Chemical symbols \def\cfourften {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ C_4 F_{10}}}\xspace} \def\cffour {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ CF_4}}\xspace} \def\cotwo {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ CO_2}}\xspace} \def\csixffouteen {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ C_6 F_{14}}}\xspace} \def\mgftwo {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ Mg F_2}}\xspace} \def\siotwo {\ensuremath{\mathrm{ SiO_2}}\xspace} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Special Text %%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \newcommand{\eg}{\mbox{\itshape e.g.}\xspace} \newcommand{\ie}{\mbox{\itshape i.e.}\xspace} \newcommand{\etal}{\mbox{\itshape et al.}\xspace} \newcommand{\etc}{\mbox{\itshape etc.}\xspace} \newcommand{\cf}{\mbox{\itshape cf.}\xspace} \newcommand{\ffp}{\mbox{\itshape ff.}\xspace} \newcommand{\vs}{\mbox{\itshape vs.}\xspace}